Colonial Rule and African Resistance in Kenya Essay

Colonial Rule and African Resistance in Kenya - Essay Example This is evident in the utterances of Ngotho as he despaired, "Later, our fathers were taken captives in the first Big War to help in a war whose cause they never knew. And when they came back Their land was taken away for a settlement of the white soldiers." This is true as the Black population was involved in the First World War, a conflict waged by European powers for geopolitical and economic dominance. It was not their war, but they became unwilling pawns in the struggle, only to become captives. Upon their release and return, they found their lands sequestered by the White government, allocating their ancestral land which they have possessed for countless generations, as garrisons for soldiers, settlements for foreign immigrants and plantations for white settlers. With Britain's rule came changes from without as the government imposes its values, laws, culture, and language upon the indigenous people. They were forced to learn English, this being claimed to be good in contrast to their native tongue which is presented by their rulers as being bad. This form of negative reinforcement and encroachment upon native culture and traditions also increased the resentment held by Africans against their colonial masters. The policies of British rule threatens the very foundation of Kenyan existence, as their language, culture, traditions, and laws are being forcefully replaced by foreign ones. The political conflict is also given emphasis by the novel as the power of Kenya's White rulers grew and the bitterness of the African population correspondingly increased. Aside from the resentment felt by Africans against their white masters, there is also conflict between the former and the Indian merchants whom they look down upon with contempt. Considered as opportunists who thrive at the expense of the African, the Indians are also abhorred by the Black population. "He came to the Indian shops. Years ago, he had worked here. That was long before the Second War. He had worked for an Indian who had always owed him a month's pay. This was deliberate. It was meant to be a compelling device to keep Ngotho in the Indian's employment permanently." (Ngugi, Chapter 3).There was also class struggle among Blacks, as those who were able to attain wealth also yearned for more political power and at the same time exploited the lower classes. The Mau Mau revolt was primarily anti-colonial, but it also bore a semblance of civil war because it also went against the Black associates of the white planters. The novel also explicitly pictures the desire of both Blacks, Whites and Indians for power and their resolve to hold on to it once they have gained it. Power and wealth were the common objectives of all those engaged in the conflict. However, the attainment of wealth and riches is paid with a heavy price, by those who remain in poverty and are continually exploited by those who have the means, influence and resolution to subjugate them. They have become enslaved in their own native land, subject to the oppression and tyranny of foreigners, may they be White or Indian. They have been reduced by powerful forces from without, which were beyond their control and sometimes, even comprehension. However, the oppression is continually imposed by the British government through physical subjugation. Armed conflict eventually resulted, led by the Mau Mau movement. It is within this whirlwind of strife and violence that Njoroge and his family find themselves, having to

Do thr right thing Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Do thr right thing - Movie Review Example The cause of disagreement arises when Sal who owns the pizzeria dismisses Buggin a black American young man who protests about the wall of fane at the restaurant. Racial discrimination is evident in Sal’s restaurant when he speaks rudely at Buggin. The wall of fame in this restaurant contains only Italians and no black celebrity is included in the list and photos of fame within the restaurant. Racism intensifies when Mookie asks Vito Sal’s son who is a friend of a black American Mookie about any black celebrity. Vito is ignorant about any black personality despite living in black neighborhood for over 10 years. Sal’s racism continues when he refuses to pay Mookie who has been working for him as a pizza delivery. The way the police officers deal with Buggin and Raheem also indicates racism. The two police officers kill Raheem instead of apprehending him and suing him for inciting a crowd against the Sal. Back at Mookie’s place the care take r of Hector Mookie’s son is Italian and speaks to the son in Italian. Mookie yells at her informing her that he would like his son to speak in English in

Human status in regards to Aristotle and Kant Research Paper

Human status in regards to Aristotle and Kant - Research Paper Example onal ideas of separation of mankind into various groups by the nature or in Gods will: Greeks and barbarians, elected and not elected, devout and not devout, civilized and uncivilized etc. The aspiration to prove the unity of the human race was always resisted by aristocratic, hierarchical, nationalist, racial, class and other theories. Understanding of mankind, and, therefore, the general concept of a person was finally developed only in the XIX century. All the second grade theories have one common feature: some part of mankind is recognized as superior. However, there classical theories, which allow us to understand the real essence of humans and their status in this world in the given work two views on humans’ status will be considered: the view of Kant and the view of Aristotle. German classical philosophy is presented by such thinkers as I. Kant, I. Fichte, F. Schelling and G. Hegel, who lived and worked at the end of XVIII - the first half of the XIX centuries. One of the main tasks of the German classical philosophy is to overcome the contradictions of XVII—XVIII centuries’ philosophy, which was expressed in opposition to rationalism and empiricism, exaggeration of a role of natural sciences and excessive optimism of Enlightenment. This movement is characterized by the revival of interest in history, art, mythology, as well as by the criticism of natural science direction in modern philosophy. All these are caused by a great interest to the problem of a person put in a new way. The German classical philosophy replaced an individual ideal of free identity of Renaissance by the collective ideal of free mankind expressed by the ideas of Enlightenment and the slogans of The Great French revolution. Protestantism is the religious fundamental of German classical philosophy. In Kants work there are two periods: critical and subcritical. During the subcritical period (1756-1770) the interests of Kant were mainly connected with logical problems and natural

How could leadership be effective Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

How could leadership be effective - Assignment Example The importance of communication cannot be avoided in cases when there is team work and multiple units involved in the progress and project. Lack of communication can cause havoc and failure of the entire project. The goals achievement was made possible through reliable, and in time communication. Delay in communication or slight miss communication can cause serious disturbances in the entire process and project. Communication is the back bone of any project and process. They can either halt the progress or initiate absolute progress and wonders in the project. The secret to success of any project is its level of communication. In this case the success can also be attributed to the good level of communication. Path and task clarity allowed providing clear direction. Implementing it enables practical demonstration of work that will work as an example and hence help the followers and team mostly achieving the objectives. Only knowing where to go ahead can lead us to destination, going a t random with no specific direction in might and sight leads the unit, the project and individuals nowhere. It is the utmost priority of the leader to ensure that the path is determined, and so are the members aware of the path. IN case of leader member exchange, productivity and creativity is highly probable since this theory and concept of work is loosely based on exchange of ideas between the top head, which is the leader himself and the members who work underneath the leader but for same purpose. Hence leader member exchange method was also of great use in the entire process. For the principle of leadership ethics, it is the element of morality introduction inside the working unit. This helps enabling the workers to work on pure professional lines, with utmost honesty and sincerity. Leaders lead by example in every discipline of the team and task, most important of them all is the ethical aspect. Ethical aspect fulfillment helps keeping the entire accounts and details in check a s well as ensuring good practices in the unit. Team leadership is a collective approach. Using this helps in many ways, firstly each of the member holds equal responsibility, if not equal at least some proportion of responsibility and answering at the end of the project and task. Transformational leadership involves incremental progress. Adopting it in an organization requires time because the leaders try to bring the best out of individuals in an ascending manner. †¢ Describe how your view of leadership evolved as a result: Leadership is a developmental process. No one can become a leader in a fortnight; instead these qualities creep into an individual with time. There is a concept of born leaders, however in modern times this trend and concept is slightly modified. With so many developmental processes, mechanical approaches and industrial frame works, there is always a need for nurturing, training and guiding. Leadership is a interesting journey and a challenge in its own. Be ing in the shoes of leader brings about many responsibilities with itself as well as perks and privileges. The sense of leading, followed by delivering the goals is one of those special feelings that an individual can experience. The entire process gave an insight into the concept of leadership and the personality of leader. Though not singly but leader is highly responsible for the success and failure of the project. A good leader can bring the project out of nowhere and make it a success, while an average leader or one

Managment and Digital Labour Networks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Managment and Digital Labour Networks - Essay Example This report declares that many commentators and users of digital networks have applauded this explosion of non-cultural production as an evidence of a new era in cultural production and other related aspects as well as a much needed democratization in the field. This means that today, people are at liberty to expand their scope of thinking and research into ways that seem effective for them as far as collection of inputs and production of information and other kinds of output is concerned. Bruns has claimed that the internet age has been the new invention that has replaced the industrial age which has stood for a long time. This development means that information is the single resource that is needed to power different social, economic and environmental systems. As the discussion stresses some of the services that are offered among thousands include wed site development, creation and modification of software packages, reading as well as active participation and involvement mailing lists and establishment of virtual spaces respectively. Other developments in the same field include creation and participation in internet games as well as television programs, all these developments are said to interpenetrate each other within the context of emerging giant online economy. How does this online technology work and influence people? Usually, consumers who also happen to be developers of the content are invited to sell access to their personal lines in a way that is not directly related to the manner in which they sell their labour power.

Ancient Egypt Essay Example for Free

Ancient Egypt Essay When one thinks of â€Å"mummification,† what would immediately come into mind is Ancient Egypt. But according to archaeologists, they discovered that this process is also being practiced in other places such as China and even in the among the tribes in Alaska though they are not identical to that of the Egyptians whose method is more commonly known (Monet). Compared to the other methods which appear to be very simple in terms of process or procedures such as simply putting the corpse in cold or airtight places, the Egyptian method is considered the most elaborate which is still shrouded and mystery as to how the process is exactly conducted. The only way to get an idea on how it was done is to examine the remains for pathological purposes as well as a smattering of surviving texts that have been found (Monet; David 383-384). Egyptian mumification is a two-step process that entailed embalming which made use of chemicals to preserve the remains for a longer duration of time. The second process is wrapping the corpse with layers of linen bandages for the purpose of maintaining its shape through the passage of time (Monet; David 385). Archaeologists are amazed on how â€Å"sophisticated† Egyptians were in developing the technology to make a body â€Å"live forever† and had exceeded their expectations. If there is a reasonable conclusion to this topic, the Egyptians made a significant contribution to modern civilization with this process. While it may be impractical for people to preserve the remains of the decased in this day and age, the practice still has benefits in terms of slowing decomposition and no attempt is made to duplicate the exact methods used. Works Cited David, A. Rosalie, Mummification. Nicholson, Paul T. , and Ian Shaw, eds. Ancient Egyptian Materials and Technology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Monet, Jefferson. An Overview of Mummification in Ancient Egypt. 1996. Tour Egypt. Net. 21 Aug. 2010 http://www. touregypt. net/featurestories/mummification. htm.

Role of Forensic Psychology in Child Custody Cases

Role of Forensic Psychology in Child Custody Cases Introduction: This is an outline of the research that the researcher intends to partake. The research under consideration involves carrying out an analysis on the role of forensic psychology in determining child custody cases. This paper contains the purpose of the study, the introduction of the topic, justification for the topic, new insights of the topic, opportunities for future research, and a conclusion. Purpose: The main purpose of this work is to critically analyze the role of forensic psychology in evaluating how the courts should go handle problems of child custody amongst divorcing parents. It is important to understand that during divorce, parents usually fight over the custody of their children. However, in allowing a parent to have custody of a child, the courts have to determine what is good for the child (Clements and Wakeman, 2007). The court can achieve this objective through the help of a forensic psychologist. Based on this fact therefore, this paper will critically look at this concept of forensic psychology, after which it will analyze its role in determining the custody of a child. Introduction of the topic: Day (2014) states that child custody evaluations are meant at providing the court with information that would help the court to determine the type of visitation, as well as custody arrangement that is beneficial to the interest of the child. This is particularly so when parents of a child are not able to make a resolution concerning this issue. Pickar (2008) maintains that psychologists have an ethical obligation to recommend what is good for children, irrespective of whoever requests for their evaluation. For example, in a post divorce family, children are always encouraged to have a healthy, positive, and emotional supported relationship with their parents. Furthermore, Young (2008) maintains that it is the responsibility of parents to give a demonstration on their willingness and ability to cooperatively work together as co-parents. On the other hand, Dutton (2006) defines forensic psychology as an intersection between the justice system, and psychology. This concept involves understanding various fundamental legal principles, especially those that regard the testimony of witnesses, and some specific areas of concern such as the ability of a child to testify, child custody, and visitations. Furthermore, Fridhandler (2008) argues that children will always experience a problem when adjusting to divorce from their parents, and on this basis, forensic psychology can play a great role in determining how the welfare of these children can be undertaken. The main focus of this study is on how psychologists help the courts in evaluating the best method of handling a child custody issue. Justification for the Topic: A research in this topic is important because of the high rate of divorce that occurs in the world. For instance, the rates of divorce in the United States stand at 3.4 in every 1000 marriages. This is a high figure when compared to the divorce rates in countries such as Japan, Spain, Denmark and Mongolia, which have a divorce rate of 2.0, 2.4, 2.7, and 0.7 respectively. Bogaerts (2010) explains that due to these high rates of divorce, it is always children who normally suffer. This is mostly because they will lack the attention of one of their parents. This is a very sensitive issue, mostly because the kids would have to remain under the care of one of their parents. Based on this fact, there is a need of the court to determine who amongst the parents is the most suitable to remain with the children. On this note, the court will have to rely on the expert advice of a forensic psychologist. On this basis, this paper will provide how this crucial role of a psychologist is important in catering for the interests of the child. New Insights of the Paper: This paper is an evaluation of previous studies conducted on forensic psychology, and child custody. On this basis, chances are high that the researcher will come up with new information concerning the role of psychologists and child custody. This is through a critical evaluation of a variety of works, belonging to different scholars, and coming up with an independent conclusion, based on the results of the analysis. Opportunities for future research: Psychology is an ever expanding field of study. This aspect of forensic psychology has numerous opportunities for future research. Opportunities are high that scholars would start studying on how to use psychology for purposes of stopping or minimizing the growth of divorce in the world (Steel, 2010). In fact, psychological counseling normally takes place before couples are married, but little research exist on how to effectively use psychology to prevent a collapse of the marriage institution. It is important to understand that when marriages are saved, these issues of child custody will not emerge. On this basis, psychologists will manage to cater for the interests of children. Conclusion: In conclusion, the major purpose of this research is to understand the importance of forensic psychology, in catering for the needs of children during divorce. This paper is motivated on the fact that there are rising instances of divorce in the current century, and hence there is a need of protecting the interests of children in such a set up. This paper will explore the various researches done on the topic, after which the researcher will come up with a conclusion based on the results of the exploration. Bibliography: Bogaerts, S. (2010). Emerging International Perspectives in Forensic Psychology: Individual  Level Analyses. Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice, 10(4), 263-266. Clements, C. B., Wakeman, E. E. (2007). Raising the Bar: The Case for Doctoral Training in  Forensic Psychology. Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice, 7(2), 53-63. Day, A. (2014). Competing ethical paradigms in forensic psychiatry and forensic psychology:  Commentary for a special section of legal and criminological psychology. Legal and  Criminological Psychology, 19(1), 16-18. Dutton, D. G. (2006). Domestic Abuse Assessment in Child Custody Disputes: Beware the  Domestic Violence Research Paradigm. Journal of Child Custody, 2(4), 23-42. Fridhandler, B. (2008). Science and Child Custody Evaluations: What Qualifies as â€Å"Scientific†?.  Journal of Child Custody, 5(3-4), 256-275. Pickar, D. (2008). Countertransference Bias in the Child Custody Evaluator. Journal of Child  Custody, 4(3), 45-67. Steel, J. (2010). Forensic psychology. Research, clinical practice, and applications. Journal of  Forensic Psychiatry Psychology, 21(2), 317-319. Young, S. (2008). Learning Forensic Assessment. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry Psychology,  19(4), 643-644.